INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF OBESITY

Press Release October 28 2004

Global obesity epidemic putting brakes on economic development

 

Chronic diseases linked to obesity could put the brakes on economic progress in many developing countries unless urgent action is taken, experts warned at the opening of the first major international conference on obesity in Africa today. (Oct 28)

 

Finance and trade ministers need to lend their support to health ministers for strategic actions to improve the nutritional welfare of their populations or face huge costs already in the pipeline from an epidemic of obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease and other obesity-related health concerns.

 

Obesity has already created a “double burden” of disease in many parts of the developing world still struggling to overcome a legacy of undernutrition and its metabolic consequences for the generations that follow. Many people were now highly susceptible to the adverse health impact of “western” diets, high in fats, sugars and salt, leading WHO to revise its recommendations on “action points” for overweight populations across the whole of Asia.

 

Professor Philip James, chair of IASO’s International Obesity TaskForce, who is delivering the keynote address on The global epidemic of obesity: a challenge for developing countries” to the IASO First Regional Congress held in Sun City, South Africa, from October 28-31, said that countries must embrace the advantages of economic development, but take care to protect the nutritional health of their people, particularly the younger generation.

 

“Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity already present massive problems in this country and in many other parts of the developing world, which are already on the fast track to a massive explosion in type 2 diabetes. The economic burden from this will act as a brake on development, which depends on having a healthy and productive population,” he added.

 

About 60% of all deaths across the world and 47% of the burden of disease can be attributed to non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and cancers. About two-thirds of deaths linked to these diseases occur in the developing world. The major risk factors are poor diet and physical inactivity, and associated obesity.

 

Professor James said that 191 ministers had agreed at the World Health Assembly in Geneva in May to a WHO global strategy on diet, physical activity and health and he praised the stand taken by South Africa’s health minister to support the strategy. It was important now for governments at regional and national level to take determined action to implement the strategy, improve nutritional health and help to prevent the chronic diseases that could pose a major economic threat to development.

 

On South Africa, Professor James, senior vice president of IASO, said it was enormously significant that the country and region was hosting the IASO conference when the world is acknowledging that obesity knows no borders, and is having a seriously detrimental impact.  

 

“The obesity crisis - particularly among women - has been overlooked for too long. The peak levels of obesity in the Cape Province were highlighted in the first IOTF report on the issue of global obesity in 1997,” he added. This led to the World Health Organization’s groundbreaking expert report Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Obesity Epidemic (WHO TRS894). Since then the South African government has recognised the important impact obesity and related non-communicable diseases is having, and has been extremely concerned to establish the extent of the problem in the young as well as in adults.

The South Africa Demographic and Health Survey undertaken in 1998, undergoing revision and due to be published next year, found high rates of overweight and obesity with 29% of men and 56% of women overweight, including 9% of men and 29% of women obese. The percentage with a BMI>30 reaches 46% in women between the age of 45-64.

 

The survey concluded: "Overall, these data suggest that the predominant pattern of malnutrition in adult South Africans, particularly in African and coloured women, is one of over nutrition, with remarkably high rates of obesity."

 

More recent data published in the South African Youth Risk Assessment Survey 2002 by the South African Medical Research Council show the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) among young people aged 13-19 years to be 17% overall affecting more girls (25%) than boys (7%). Prevalence was highest (over 20% for boys and girls combined) in white and Indian population groups.  Another key factor revealed in the 1999 National Food Consumption Survey was that one in five children under the age of 9 had suffered from stunting, related to chronic undernutrition early in life, and ironically, the problem was worst among small children raised on commercial farms. These children may be particularly vulnerable to developing abdominal obesity with energy-dense western diets.

 

The IASO conference is also addressing for the first time the medical management issues of weight control for those with HIV/AIDS undergoing long-term anti-retroviral treatment which can lead to overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes.

 

The conference will be formally opened by Dr Elamin Mohamed, Director for Chronic Diseases, Disabilities and Geriatrics, of the South African Government’s Department of Health, and Professor Arne Astrup, president-elect of the IASO.  The conference was arranged by Professor Tessa van der Merwe, who is honorary secretary of IASO, chair of the IASO Continuing Professional Development Committee and also chairs the South African Society for the Study of Obesity.

 

 

On Thursday 28 October 2004 - A pre-Congress media briefing will be provided for journalists attending the meeting from 13h30 – 14h30 in the Lynx Room at the Sun City Conference Centre, chaired by Professor Tessa van der Merwe.

For further information

Prof. M-T Van Der Merwe, Honorary Secretary,
International Association for the Study of Obesity (IASO)
Mobile number +27 082 441 6361 or Conference organiser Sarah Hallas Mobile +27 82808430
 

Or contact:

Kalpa Kara

Media Department

International Association for the Study of Obesity

231 North Gower Street

London NW1 2NS

Tel 44 2076911900

Email: media@iaso.org

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Further background:

 

 

The IOTF estimates around 1.1 billion adults are overweight (BMI>25) including more than 300 million who are obese (BMI>30). Taking account of special risk factors among Asians, the number of adults exposed to weight-related health risks has been estimated to be up to 1.7 billion.

 

World Health Organization experts have examined risk factors among Asian populations recommending an “action point” set at BMI>23 which reflects a heightened susceptibility to having a higher proportion of body fat at a lower body mass index, with consequently amplified metabolic risks.

 

Childhood overweight affects around 155 million school-age children, including around 40 million who are obese. One in 10 children is overweight, but the figure rises to one in three in North and South American combined.

 

China is rapidly catching up with the West with more than 200 million adults affected. Results published this month from the National Survey on Chinese residents' Nutrition and Health undertaken in 2002 reveal overweight levels of 22.8 percent of all adults and an obesity rate of 7.1 percent. In cities, adult overweight and obesity rates rise to 30.0 percent and 12.3 percent respectively. The childhood obesity rate has grown to 8.1 percent.

 

See also International Food Policy Research Institute Forum: The Changing Face of Malnutrition October 2004 http://www.ifpri.org/pubs/newsletters/ifpriforum/if200410.htm